21EDM18 Divya.S

  The Real Number System All numbers that will be mentioned in this lesson belong to the set of the Real numbers. The set of the real numbers is denoted by the symbol  \mathbb{R} R . There are  five subsets  within the set of real numbers. Let’s go over each one of them. Five (5) Subsets of Real Numbers 1) The Set of Natural or Counting Numbers   The set of the natural numbers (also known as counting numbers) contains the elements, The ellipsis “…” signifies that the numbers go on forever in that pattern. 2) The Set of Whole Numbers  The set of whole numbers includes all the elements of the natural numbers plus the number zero ( 0 ). The slight addition of the element zero to the set of natural numbers generates the new set of whole numbers. Simple as that! 3) The Set of Integers The set of integers includes all the elements of the set of whole numbers and the opposites or “negatives” of all the elements of the set of counting numbers. 4) The Set of R...

GRAPH IN MATH What Is a Graph? Math and numbers can be hard to understand, especially if you have a lot of data you are comparing. However, a graph can make it easier. Why? Because a graph is data or numbers put into an easy-to-follow picture. And depending on the type of numbers you are working on graphing; you might need a different type of graph for each. For example, if you were comparing different color shirts in your classroom, you might use a bar graph or pie chart. However, if you want to connect numbers in a line, you might use a line graph. Graphs vs. Charts While you might hear  chart  and  graph  used interchangeably, these two terms are not exactly the same. Graphs are types of charts. Charts are a way to present information graphically, including graphs, diagrams, tables, and other visual representations of data. So while all graphs are charts, not all charts are graphs. Since that’s confusing, it might be easier to remember that visual representations ...

  ANGLES What are Angles When two rays combine with a common endpoint and the angle is formed. The two components of an angle are “sides” and “vertex”. The side can be categorized into terminal sides and initial sides (or vertical sides) as shown in the image below. Representation of an Angle These two rays can combine in multiple fashions to form the different types of angles in mathematics. Let us begin by studying these different types of angles in geometry. Parts of Angle Vertex – Point where the arms meet. Arms – Two straight line segments form a vertex. Angle – If a ray is rotated about its endpoint, the measure of its rotation is called angle between its initial and final position. Classification of Angles Angles can be classified into two main types: Based on Magnitude Based on Rotation Angle Types Based on Magnitude Six Types of Angles In Maths, there are mainly 5 types of angles based on their direction. These five angle types are the most common ones used in geometry. Th...

    QUADRILATERAL A   quadrilateral   is a closed shape and a type of polygon that has four sides, four vertices and four angles. It is formed by joining four non-collinear points. The   sum of interior angles   of quadrilaterals is always equal to 360 degrees. The word quadrilateral is derived from the Latin words ‘ Quadra ’ which means four and ‘ Latus ’ means ‘sides’. It is not necessary that all the four sides of a quadrilateral are equal in length. Hence, we can have different types of quadrilaterals based on sides and angles. Let us more interesting facts about quadrilaterals in this article.  A quadrilateral is a plane figure that has four sides or edges, and also has four corners or vertices. The angles are present at the four vertices or corners of the quadrilateral. If ABCD is a quadrilateral then angles at the vertices are ∠A, ∠B, ∠C and ∠D. The sides of a quadrilateral are AB, BC, CD and DA.  If we join the opposite vertices of the qua...

  QUADRILATERAL Quadrilateral Formulas There are two basic formulas for quadrilaterals, that are: Area  Perimeter Area of Quadrilateral The area of the quadrilateral is the total space occupied by the figure.  The area formula for the different quadrilaterals are given below: Area of a Parallelogram Base x Height Area of a Rectangle Length x Width Area of a Square Side x Side Area of a Rhombus (1/2) x Diagonal 1 x Diagonal 2  Area of a Kite 1/2 x Diagonal 1 x Diagonal 2 Perimeter of Quadrilateral Perimeter is the total distance covered by the boundary of a 2d shape. Since we know the quadrilateral has four sides, therefore, the perimeter of any quadrilateral will be equal to the sum of the length of all four sides. If ABCD is a quadrilateral then, the perimeter of ABCD is: Perimeter = AB + BC + CD + AD Quadrilateral Name Perimeter Square 4 x Side Rectangle 2(Length + Breadth) Parallelogram 2(Base + Side) Rhombus 4 x Side Kite 2 (a + b), a and b are adjacent pairs...